In late 1990
the provincial government commissioned research
into how practically to develop housing in an
environment that had become so chronically violent
and corrupt as to render development impossible.
Territorial conflict had become endemic in and
around the established black townships of Langa,
Guguletu and Nyanga. Crossroads had been the focus
of the violence for some years, but problems were
now being experienced in many other informal
settlements.
The resultant recommendation was
that success might be possible if a single project
could be created that provided benefits for every
community in the area and which was planned and
managed in a way that genuinely involved all the
major stakeholders in a partnership.
The provincial government took
the bold and hitherto untried step of inviting
representatives of the recently unbanned political
parties, the civic movements in the townships, the
squatters association and the local and
metropolitan authorities to participate in a
process of conceiving and planning a project for
the benefit of an agreed range of communities. The
Province would host the proceedings and pay for
independent facilitation, but would be an equal
partner in the process. There would be no
pre-planning and no pre-conditions - the
maintenance of the integrity of the partnership
would be paramount.
Local government has a vital
role to play in the creation and administration of
human settlements, and thus had to be included in
the process. However, in 1991 South African cities
were racially segregated and the apartheid
government’s attempts to create elected local
councils had failed. The "black local
authorities" within greater Cape Town were
now managed by professional Administrators
appointed by the Province. As a consequence the
community leadership was not prepared to sit
around the same table as the representatives of
local authorities that operated in the iSLP
project area, although they were willing to meet
with representatives of the neighbouring City of
Cape Town.
The solution was to create two
parallel Policy Committees, each with some common
members, meeting within a few days of each other
and using identical agendas. The common members
were the representatives of the provincial,
metropolitan and city authorities. One committee
included the political parties and community
representatives; the other committee included
representatives of the "black local
authorities". An independent person, whose
integrity was particularly appreciated by the
community organisations, was invited to chair the
committee in which they participated. The other
committee was chaired by the provincial
"minister" of community development. The
secretarial function was provided by the
independent facilitator, and both Policy
Committees met on a monthly basis.
A Technical Committee was
established to provide the information required by
the Policy Committees. Each organisation
represented in the Policy Committees was entitled
to nominate a member of the Technical Committee.
Consultants were commissioned by the Technical
Committee as required for undertaking research and
special studies, financed by the provincial and
metropolitan governments. By this means the
project area, the available land & its
characteristics and the housing needs were
established, and the structure planning of certain
key or sensitive areas was undertaken. The
Technical Committee also formulated guidelines for
town planning and engineering design for
application in the iSLP.
Of critical importance to the
consultative process was the communication between
the members of the Policy Committees and their
constituencies. It could not be assumed that all
parties would report back and consult, and so to
optimise the integrity of community participation
in such a large project the Policy Committee
appointed a communications consultant to assist
its members in this regard by the dissemination of
information through leaflets and large-scale
workshops.
In 1993, in anticipation of the
creation of a new democratic order in South Africa
as a result of successes recorded in the national
multi-party negotiations, the community
representatives on the Policy Committee agreed
that the dual committee system was no longer
necessary. The committees were merged under the
independent chair of Mrs. Mary Burton.
The Policy Phase culminated in
an agreement that established the iSLP
Principles,
which would be the guideposts for the
implementation of the project. It was intended
that the Policy Committee would retain a function
as monitor and guardian of all that had been
planned, but as soon as news was received of
possible funding for the project the integrity of
the committee became undermined by a few
opportunist members, and the committee was
disbanded. This was a sad and ignominious end to a
structure that had achieved so much. Fortunately
the product of the committee’s work was able to
be sustained in the principles that had been
established. These could now be applied in the
creation of the multitude of individual projects,
programmes and processes that would
eventually constitute the iSLP.